By: ARUP MAJUMDER
The Sundarbans is the world’s largest contiguous mangrove forest and a UNESCO World Heritage Site spanning India and Bangladesh. This unique ecosystem is home to numerous species, including the Bengal tiger, and supports 4.37 million people. It absorbs 41.5 million tonnes of carbon dioxide, highlighting its critical role in carbon sequestration. However, rising sea levels, increasing salinity, and altered hydrological patterns are threatening the region. Cyclones and storms are also becoming more frequent, severely impacting local fishermen and biodiversity. India has implemented environmental protection laws and established institutions to address the impacts of climate change. However, the division of responsibilities and proliferation of agencies have led to wasted resources and delayed actions. As the Sundarbans faces submersion, there is an urgent need for global emission reductions and a transition from fossil fuels to renewable energy sources. Governments must also promote local saline-resistant plant species. As India develops action plans to combat climate change and address poverty in the Sundarbans, there is a pressing need to establish flood relief centers and rapid response teams. Comprehensive and coordinated efforts are essential to protect this vital ecosystem and the livelihoods it sustains.
