By: PRAIZY HALAM
The study of genetic markers is essential for understanding population structure and evolutionary relationships among human populations. This study investigates the distribution and variation of selected genetic markers – specifically, ABO blood groups, Rhesus (Rh[D]) blood types, phenylthiocarbamide (PTC) taste sensitivity, and color blindness – among the Ranglong tribe of Northeast India. A total of 104 unrelated individuals were sampled using standard anthropological and genetic methods. Blood group data were collected using standard agglutination techniques, while PTC taste sensitivity and color vision were assessed using established procedures. Allele frequencies were calculated using standard population genetics formulas. The results showed that blood group A was predominant, followed by O and B, with a high frequency of Rh-positive individuals. A considerable proportion of individuals exhibited PTC tasting ability, while color blindness was observed only among males, indicating its X-linked inheritance. The observed variations suggest the influence of genetic drift, endogamy, and restricted gene flow within the population. In conclusion, this study provides valuable insights into the genetic structure of the Ranglong tribe and contributes to the understanding of microevolutionary processes among tribal populations in Northeast India.
