Livelihood
From Paddy to Pasture: Chiranbal’s Gujjar-Bakkarwals and the Cash-for-Grazing Revolution
By: RASHID AHMAD RATHER – This paper examines how traditional grazing arrangements in Chiranbal, Kashmir, have shifted from barter to cash payments. By analyzing contracts from 2015to 2023 and conducting ethnographic fieldwork, we document that Gujjar-Bakkarwal herders now receive ₹150–200 per sheep per month, replacing historical exchanges of wool and ghee. The study shows that…
Factors Determining Changes in Livelihoods: A Study of the Lodha Tribe in Mayurbhanj District, Odisha
By: RAJNARAYAN MOHANTY, BASANTA KUMAR MOHANTA – The livelihood of a tribal community is always closely connected to nature and natural elements. Several factors are responsible for bringing both positive and negative effects to the livelihood of tribal people by influencing this alignment. The Lodhas are considered one of the most disadvantaged communities among the…
Livelihood vulnerability and Health outcomes: An Intersectional Analysis among Gond Tribes of Sagar, Madhya Pradesh, India
By: KARAN MOHAN THAKUR – Marginalized tribal communities live in remote locations, away from mainstream communities, and are deprived of development due to separation. A study on the Gond tribes of Madhya Pradesh, India, investigates how livelihood vulnerabilities affect the health outcomes of Indigenous people in Barkhera village. Livelihood vulnerabilities like economic instability, poverty, lack…
Himalayan Pastoralism: A Study On The Livelihood And Mobility Of The Bakarwal Tribe
By: UBAID AHMAD DAR – The paper aims to look at the relation of livelihood and mobility, and the health hazards faced by the pastoral Bakarwal tribe based in the union territory of Jammu and Kashmir. Livelihood pattern of Bakarwals constitutes mostly of herding animals, and seasonal migration plays an all-important role in attaining the…
Evaluating Factors Affecting Resilience of Natural Resource Dependent Community: A Case of the Tai Khamtis of Arunachal Pradesh, India
By: HEEROCK JYOTI BARUAH – Following forest regulations and conservation interventions, many forest-dependent communities across India has experienced a gradual transition from their traditional livelihood based on natural resources to a more diversified economy. To better understand the differences in the ability to adapt to change, this paper focuses on the concept of community resilience…